法院:CAFC 美國聯邦巡迴上訴法院 (Fed. Cir. 2008)
日期:2008/7/24
原告:Board of Regents of the University of Texas System (上訴人)
被告:BenQ America Corp., et al. (被上訴人)
係爭專利: USP 4,674,112
相關規範: Claim construction; Infringement analysis; Prosecution history; Claim amendment
2005 年 5 月的時候,德州大學 (University of Texas) 在西德州地方法院,針對美國專利 4,674,112 ('112 專利) 提起三個訴訟,總共包含 56 個被告。10 月的時候,地方法院將三個訴訟合併為一件案件來處理。
'112 專利是關於一種文字輸入法的方法,主要是運用在手機或類似產品的鍵盤上。輸入者在按壓一個按鈕時,該按鈕可能對應到複數個字母 (例如:按壓手機上 2 的按鈕,可能對應到 a, b, or c) 。當輸入者按了幾次相同或不同的按鈕之後,輸出對應之二進位碼 (binary code),處理器便針對該些二進位碼,判斷該些按鈕的組合是否存在一個音節元素 (syllabic element),如果構成一個音節元素,則由資料庫中選取該音節元素可能對應的單字 (word)。
'112 專利在申請的過程中,審查委員曾經以一篇 Rabiner 文章做為 102 的核駁。德州大學為了和該前案做出區隔,因而在專利範圍中增加了該類音節元素的限制,之後獲得 '112 專利。
經過 claim construction 之後,地方法院將音節元素定義為「可以單獨為一個字或與其他單一音節組合結合後成為一個字的單一音節的字母組合。」
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- ”a one-syllable letter group that either comprises a word or can be combined with other one-syllable letter groups to form a word.
- ”matching said binary code with one or more pre-programmed codes, each pre-programmed code being representative of a syllabic element.”
- Just because a “syllabic element” may be a prefix or a suffix does not mean that all prefixes and suffixes are “syllabic elements.”
- matching said binary code with one or more preprogrammed codes, each pre-programmed code being representative of a syllabic element.
Forming a representation of the word from the one or more syllabic elements represented by the matched one or more pre-programmed codes.
- … generally, the use of the transitional phrase “comprising” does not exclude additional, unrecited steps. … This presumption, however, does not reach into each of the [claimed] steps to render every word and phrase therein open-ended – especially where, as here, the patentee has narrowly defined the claim term it now seeks to have broadened.
